Publications

A major point of contention in Polish-French trade relations is the perception that French business partners are unreliable and slow payers, often prioritizing the settlement of foreign creditors' claims last. In most cases, contracts concluded with French business...

What Is the Extent of the Carrier’s Liability? As a general rule, the provisions of the Geneva Convention of May 19, 1956, known as the CMR Convention, limit compensation in cases of theft or loss of goods during transport. However, Article 29 CMR allows for an...

Among foreign service providers operating in France, there is a common belief that A1 certificates issued to their employees by the social security institution of the home country serve as immunity against sanctions from French regulatory authorities and courts. Under...

Definition of Subcontracting The law defines subcontracting as an arrangement in which one party (the "contracting authority") entrusts another party (the "subcontractor") with the execution of all or part of a commercial contract, under the latter’s responsibility....

Definition of Undeclared Work and Illegal Employment It should be noted that French labor criminal law broadly defines the offense of undeclared work. The French legislator has expanded the scope of the prohibition on illegal employment by introducing into Article...

The heated debate surrounding the so-called "Polish plumber" led to France's rejection of the Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe in the referendum held on May 29, 2005. Since then, Directive (EU) 2018/957 of the European Parliament and the Council of June...